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William Swan (physicist)
William Swan (13 March 1818 in Edinburgh - 1 March 1894)〔(Swan ), at the University of St Andrews; published September 5, 2009; retrieved April 17, 2013〕 was a Scottish physicist best known for his 1856 discovery of the Swan band.〔(Handbook Of Optical Engineering ), edited by Daniel Malacara and Brian J. Thompson; page 264; published 2001 by CRC Press〕
In 1856, Swan applied to join the faculty at Marischal College, but was passed over in favor of James Clerk Maxwell.〔(James Clerk Maxwell's Scottish chair ), by John S. Reid; from ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A''; published 28 May 2008 (doi: 10.1098/rsta.2007.2177)〕 Swan subsequently joined the Scottish Naval and Military Academy, where in 1857 he demonstrated that Fraunhofer's D-line in the spectrum of the Sun was caused by the presence of sodium;〔(The Historical Development of Quantum Theory - volume 1, part 1 - The Quantum Theory of Plankc, Einstein, Bohr, and Sommerfeld: Its Foundation and the Rise of its Difficulties - 1900-1925 ) by Jagdish Mehra and Helmut Rechenberg; page 157; published 2000 by Springer Publishing〕 in this respect, he is sometimes credited as having inspired Gustav Kirchhoff's research into the same issue.〔(Physics in the Nineteenth Century ), by Robert D. Purrington; p. 160; published 1997 by Rutgers University Press〕
In 1859, he joined the faculty of Saint Andrews University, where he was a professor of natural philosophy until 1880.
==Recognition==
In 1843, the Royal Scottish Society of the Arts awarded Swan a gold medal for his scientific achievements.〔(William Swan & John Couch Adams (1819-1892) (Reflections from Alchemy to Astrophysics - section 6) ) at Saint Andrews University; published May 9, 1996; retrieved April 17, 2013〕
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